What are standard oxygen delivery methods and basic nursing considerations?

• A. Nasal cannula, simple face mask, non-rebreather; monitor SpO2, assess for anxiety, skin breakdown, humidification as needed, safe device use.
• B. Nasal cannula and simple face mask only; monitor SpO2; do not assess skin or comfort; humidification not needed.
• C. Non-rebreather mask only; monitor heart rate.
• D. All patients with oxygen are on a ventilator.

Answer: (A)

Oxygen is commonly delivered using three basic devices: nasal cannula, simple face mask, and non-rebreather mask. Each device provides a different level of oxygen delivery and comfort, so the nurse selects and adjusts based on the patient’s SpO2, respiratory effort, and clinical needs. The nursing considerations are centered on safety, comfort, and effective delivery. Continuously monitor oxygen saturation and respiratory status, and assess for anxiety or distress that can affect breathing or tolerance of the device. Inspect the skin and mucous membranes where the device contacts the face and nares for irritation or breakdown, and use humidification with nasal cannula when indicated to prevent dryness. Ensure the device fits properly, is secure, and free of leaks or kinks, and confirm the prescription and flow rates are correct. Remember to maintain safety: oxygen supports combustion, so keep flames and oils away from the patient and equipment, and escalate care if the patient’s SpO2 remains below the target range.